![]() 14, 15 Specific to COVID-19, it has been reported that periods of enforced quarantine can yield increases in SB, 9–13, 16 however, this has not been systematically assessed to date in the context of the COVID-19 lockdown. The literature has shown SB to be negatively associated with physical, mental health and social outcomes. SB can be defined as any waking behaviour with an energy expenditure of ≤1.5 Metabolic Equivalents (METs) while in a sitting or reclining posture, 13 including watching TV, video gaming and computer use. 9–11 Furthermore, it has been reported that the COVID-19 lockdown yielded decreases in PA, 12 however, the literature has not been systematically reviewed to date. 7 8 Specific to COVID-19, PA has been shown to improve physical and mental health and has been suggested to provide protective elements against COVID-19. ![]() Research shows that PA is positively associated with several desirable outcomes, including social contentedness, 5 physical health 6 and mental health. ![]() PA can be defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscle that results in energy expenditure, 4 and can include exercising, walking, gardening and doing household chores. 2 These lockdowns have impacted people’s work, education, travel and recreation, and subsequent levels of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviours (SB). 2 The severity of lockdown has varied from country to country, even region to region, with some countries limiting the distance people could travel from their homes, and some banning any unnecessary outdoor activity. 1 COVID-19 has led to over 100 countries enforcing social distancing to reduce the rate of COVID-19 transmission, commonly called ‘lockdown’. In March 2020, WHO declared the COVID-19 outbreak a global pandemic, and as of 26 October 2020, over 42 000 000 confirmed cases have been diagnosed in more than 130 countries and territories, resulting in approximately 1 150 000 deaths. ![]()
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